Page - 203 - in Cyborg Mind - What Brain–Computer and Mind–Cyberspace Interfaces Mean for Cyberneuroethics

Cyberneuroethics • 203 325. Moravec, Mind Children, 108–10. 326. Ibid., 115–16. 327. Geraci, ‘Video Games and the Transhuman Inclination’, 737–38. 328. Kurzweil, The Age of Spiritual Machines, 33; Kurzweil, The Singularity is Near, 7–21; Moravec, Robot, 165–67. 329. Geraci, ‘Video Games and the Transhuman Inclination’, 737–38. 330. Kurzweil, The Age of Spiritual Machines, 101–31; Moravec, Mind Children, 100–24 331. Waters, From Human to Posthuman, 64–65. 332. Heim, The Metaphysics of Virtual Reality, 97. 333. Waters, From Human to Posthuman, 55. 334. Heim, The Metaphysics of Virtual Reality, 99. 335. Waters, From Human to Posthuman, 55–56. 336. Ibid., 64–65. 337. Asimov, ‘The Last Question’. 338. Turing, ‘Computing Machinery and Intelligence’. 339. Moor, Enhancing Me, 60–62. 340. There may also be some ethical questions about the possibility of downloading a com- puter person into the brain of a human biological person. 341. Moor, Enhancing Me, 43. 342. Ibid., 45. 343. Tirosh-Samuelson, ‘Transhumanism as a Secularist Faith’, 725–26. 344. Geraci, ‘Video Games and the Transhuman Inclination’, 748. 345. Castronova, Exodus to the Virtual World, 59. 346. Bainbridge, The Warcraft Civilization, 62. 347. Geraci, ‘Video Games and the Transhuman Inclination’, 737. 348. Rohrer, ‘GameDesign Sketchbook’. 349. Geraci, ‘Video Games and the Transhuman Inclination’, 745. 350. Au, The Making of Second Life, 233. 351. Ibid., 232. 352. Guest, Second Lives, 273; Geraci, ‘Video Games and the Transhuman Inclination’, 745–46. 353. Bostrom, ‘Ethical Principles in the Creation of Artificial Minds’. 354. Moor, Enhancing Me, 58. 355. This novel was a revised and expanded version of Clarke’s earlier story Against the Fall of Night, but the earlier version did not contain the elements relating to mind uploading. 356. Geraci, Apocalyptic AI, 54. Note that although Geraci presents this as the first story to feature mind uploading, he incorrectly gives the publication date as 1953, which is actually the publication date of the novel Against the Fall of Night, of which The City and the Stars was a revised version. See Tofts, Jonson and Cavallaro (eds), Prefiguring Cyberculture, 253; Bainbridge, Berkshire Encyclopedia, 438; Dinello, Technophobia!, 172. 357. MacKay, Behind the Eye, 1–11, 262–66. 358. DIbid. 359. Cheshire, Jr., ‘The Sum of All Thought’, 139. 360. The reality that uploading memories into new supports would end up creating new persons who may believe that they are the original was used in several film scripts, such as Moon (2009), directed by Duncan Jones, and The 6th Day (2000), directed by Roger Spottiswoode. 361. If the virtual twin is considered as a kind of clone of the original, then existing legislation relating to the prohibition of reproductive cloning could come into effect. This open access edition has been made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license thanks to the support of Knowledge Unlatched. Not for resale.