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however. Archduchess Isabella, the wife of Archduke Friedrich, who had been demoted
to Deputy Army Supreme Commander, chose to approach the German Kaiser in order
to prevent Friedrich’s complete demolition. Emperor Karl simply called her ‘the beast’
and had no mind to revoke any decision he had already made, especially since Empress
Zita was against such a course of action, and that was what counted.1490 In comparison
to the role played by the young Empress Zita as Emperor Karl’s advisor and confi-
dante, all other people paled. She soon came to be regarded as the person who most
enduringly influenced the Emperor. It was conceivably easy, therefore, to suspect the
Empress and to assume a conspiracy of the House of Parma whenever someone was not
able to force through his viewpoint or something happened that was not immediately
comprehensible.
The most interesting thing was the German reaction to the new situation with Aus-
tria-Hungary. The German Supreme Army Command did not want to content itself to
have its own representative attached to the Imperial and Royal Army High Command,
just as Austria was represented by a senior office in the Grand Headquarters, to whom
were added the respective military attachés and their aides. This was now no longer
enough for the German authorities. They, therefore, availed themselves of the Imperial
and Royal General Staff Major Edmund Glaise von Horstenau in order to obtain ad-
ditional confidential information from the Army High Command. The Germans fur-
thermore fostered a veritable military intelligence service in Austria-Hungary, which
was designed to supply the German policymakers in Berlin, Pszczyna, Mézières, Spa or
wherever with information about the ally.1491 Clearly, a new era had begun.
THE FIRST WORLD WAR
and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914 – 1918
- Title
- THE FIRST WORLD WAR
- Subtitle
- and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914 – 1918
- Author
- Manfried Rauchensteiner
- Publisher
- Böhlau Verlag
- Location
- Wien
- Date
- 2014
- Language
- English
- License
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-205-79588-9
- Size
- 17.0 x 24.0 cm
- Pages
- 1192
- Categories
- Geschichte Vor 1918
Table of contents
- 1 On the Eve 11
- 2 Two Million Men for the War 49
- 3 Bloody Sundays 81
- 4 Unleashing the War 117
- 5 ‘Thank God, this is the Great War!’ 157
- 6 Adjusting to a Longer War 197
- 7 The End of the Euphoria 239
- 8 The First Winter of the War 283
- 9 Under Surveillance 317
- 10 ‘The King of Italy has declared war on Me’ 355
- 11 The Third Front 383
- 12 Factory War and Domestic Front, 1915 413
- 13 Summer Battle and ‘Autumn Swine’ 441
- 14 War Aims and Central Europe 469
- 15 South Tyrol : The End of an Illusion (I) 497
- 16 Lutsk :The End of an Illusion (II) 521
- 17 How is a War Financed ? 555
- 18 The Nameless 583
- 19 The Death of the Old Emperor 607
- 20 Emperor Karl 641
- 21 The Writing on the Wall 657
- 22 The Consequences of the Russian February Revolution 691
- 23 Summer 1917 713
- 24 Kerensky Offensive and Peace Efforts 743
- 25 The Pyrrhic Victory : The Breakthrough Battle of Flitsch-Tolmein 769
- 26 Camps 803
- 27 Peace Feelers in the Shadow of Brest-Litovsk 845
- 28 The Inner Front 869
- 29 The June Battle in Veneto 895
- 30 An Empire Resigns 927
- 31 The Twilight Empire 955
- 32 The War becomes History 983
- Epilogue 1011
- Afterword 1013
- Acknowledgements and Dedication 1019
- Notes 1023
- Selected Printed Sources and Literature 1115
- Index of People and Places 1155