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1026 Notes 38 Uebersberger, Österreich, 158. 39 The record of a memory given in : Feldmarschall [Franz] Conrad [von Hötzendorf], Aus meiner Dienst- zeit 1906–1918, 4 vols., here Vol. 3 (Vienna/Leipzig/Munich, 1922), 456–460, the following until 467. 40 Uebersberger, Österreich, 185. 41 József Galántai, Die österreichisch-ungarische Monarchie und der Weltkrieg (Budapest, 1979), 169 et seq. 42 Conrad, Dienstzeit, Vol. 3, 456 et seq. 43 Ibid., 420 und 463. 44 Quoted from Schanes, Serbien im Ersten Weltkrieg, 78. 45 Williamson, Austria-Hungary, 12. 46 Fischer, Griff nach der Weltmacht, 16–23. By the same author, Weltpolitik, Weltmachtstreben und deutsche Kriegsziele, in : Erster Weltkrieg. Ursachen, 71–87. 47 Williamson, Austria-Hungary, 164 et seq. 48 Ibid., 171. Also Tunstall, Planning for War, 137. As a comparison, the related sections in Hantsch, Berch- told. The assessment of the Austro-Hungarian and Romanian relationship fluctuates between ineptitude on the part of the Danube Monarchy and flagrant opportunism by Romania. 49 The quote by Josef von Baechlé from 1908 in Gerald Stourzh, Die Gleichberechtigung der Volksstämme als Verfassungsprinzip 1848–1918, in : Die Habsburgermonarchie 1848–1918, edited by the Österreichis- che Akademie der Wissenschaften, Adam Wandruszka and Peter Urbanitsch, Vol. III : Die Völker des Reichs, sub-band 2 (Vienna, 1980), 1199, note 146. 50 Ibid., 1202. On the position held by Great Britain : Francis Roy Bridge, Great Britain and Austria-Hun- gary 1906  – 1914. A diplomatic history (London 1972). On the position held by France : Jean Béranger, Die Österreichpolitik Frankreichs von 1848 bis 1918, in : Die Habsburgermonarchie 1848–1918, edited by the Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Adam Wandruszka and Peter Urbanitsch, Vol. VI : Die Habsburgermonarchie im System der internationalen Beziehungen, sub-band 2 (Vienna, 1993), 491–538. 51 Zbynek A. Zeman, Der Zusammenbruch des Habsburgerreiches 1914–1918 (Vienna, 1963), 18. 52 Ibid. 53 Ibid., 22. 54 Ibid., 29. 55 In summary and with references e.g. to Czech and English-language literature : Victor S. Mamatey, The Union of Czech Political Parties in the Reichsrat, 1916–1918, in : The Habsburg Empire in World War I. Essays on the intellectual, military, political and economic aspects of the Habsburg war effort, edited by Robert A. Kann, Béla K. Király, Paula S. Fichtner (=  East European Monographs 23, Boulder/New York, 1977), 3–28. 56 Zeman, Zusammenbruch, 35. A network of agents of this type also existed, although more prevalent was the concern regarding its possible existence. This was also one of the reasons for the radical and some- times purely misguided and brutal measures by the Austro-Hungarian military authorities from August to December 1914. 57 On his role in the war, see in particular : Karel Pichlík, Bez Legend (Prague, 1991). 58 Zeman, Zusammenbruch, 38. 59 Gábor Vermes, István Tisza, The Liberal Vision and Conservative Statecraft of a Magyar Nationalist (=  East European Monographs 184, New York, 1985), 186 et seq. 60 See the comprehensive study : Die Habsburgermonarchie 1848–1918, edited by the Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Adam Wandruszka and Helmut Rumpler, Vol. VIII, Politische Öffentli- chkeit und Zivilgesellschaft, sub-band 1 : Vereine, Parteien und Interessenverbände als Träger der poli- tischen Partizipation (Vienna, 2006).