Page - 1032 - in THE FIRST WORLD WAR - and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914 – 1918

1032 Notes 163 Williamson, Vienna and July 1914, 22. 164 Ibid. 165 Carl von Clausewitz, Vom Kriege, 8th volume, 5th chapter, here citing the 18th reprint (Bonn, 1973), 984. 166 Hans-Ulrich Wehler, “Absoluter” und “totaler Krieg”. Von Clausewitz bis Ludendorff, in : Geschichte und Militärgeschichte. Wege der Forschung, edited by Ursula von Gersdorff (Frankfurt am Main, 1974), here 288. 3. Bloody Sundays 167 Walter Göhring, Verdrängt und vergessen. Friedensnobelpreisträger Alfred Hermann Fried (Vienna, 2006), 168. 168 A detailed description of the preparation and implementation of the manoeuvres is given in the mem- oirs of Major General Alfred Jansa : Ein österreichischer General gegen Hitler, edited by Peter Broucek (Vienna/Cologne/Weimar, 2011), 213–220. 169 The most detailed study of the assassination, and one that is well supported by sources, is : Friedrich Würthle, Die Spur führt nach Belgrad. Die Hintergründe des Dramas von Sarajewo 1914 (Vienna/Mu- nich/Zürich, 1975). As a supplement to this by the same author : Dokumente zum Sarajewoprozess. Ein Quellenbericht (=  Mitteilungen des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs, supplementary volume 9, Vienna, 1978). 170 Summarised in Kronenbitter, Krieg im Frieden, 455–460. 171 Galántai, Monarchie und Weltkrieg, 207. 172 Carl von Bardolff, Soldat im alten Österreich. Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben (Jena, 1938), 132. 173 Vladimir Dedijer, Die Zeitbombe. Sarajewo 1914 (Vienna/Frankfurt am Main/Zürich, 1967), 532–535. Dedijer describes the murder of Sultan Murad on the day before the battle. However, in the Serbian record, the event occurs following the battle. In reality, the record is probably so inaccurate that its de- piction of events is questionable. 28 June is now no longer a public holiday in Serbia. 174 See the comprehensive study : Rudolf Jeřábek, Potiorek. Ein General im Schatten von Sarajevo (Graz/ Vienna/Cologne, 1991). 175 The Duchess of Hohenberg died immediately following the attack. The Archduke was brought dying to the Konak, the residence of the regional commander, and laid down on a couch. Several doctors attempted to keep him alive, though in vain. Franz Ferdinand died within several minutes. The couch and the bed on which the body of Sophie von Hohenberg was laid, as well as the car in which the couple were being driven, are on display in the Military History Museum in Vienna. Claims occasionally made that the Graef & Stift car that had belonged to Count Franz Harrach had already been involved in accidents be- fore the incident, and that afterwards it was also used, for example in an automobile race, in which another fatal accident occurred, before the bewitched car was destroyed by American bombs at the Vienna Arsenal in 1944, are pure nonsense. The uniform worn by Franz Ferdinand was saved for the couple’s children, brought to Artstetten and transferred to the Military Museum on loan. Other items of clothing and per- sonal belongings, together with the weapons carried by the assassins seized by the police were taken to the president of the Marianist congregation and head of the orphanage in Sarajevo opened by the Duchess of Hohenberg at the end of June 1914, Anton Puntigam. In 1918, he brought these items to his convent in Vienna. In 2004, they were also transferred to the Military History Museum from the convent. 176 Wayne S.Vucinich, Mlada Bosna and the First World War, in : The Habsburg Empire in World War I (East European Monographs, No. XXIII, Brooklyn College [New York, 1977]), 51. 177 Vucinich, Mlada Bosna, 55. For a very detailed study, see also Dedijer, Die Zeitbombe, here esp. 491–528.