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Chapter
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the needs of beginners. Freed from its typographical errors, we hereby present
this work to readers eagerly wishing to learn this highly useful science.”96 What
is important to note is that in the summary of the progress of mathematics
provided in the author’s introduction to both editions, Crivelli firmly aligns
himself with the moderns, mentioning Cartesian algebra and the invention of
infinitesimal calculus (attributed by him to Leibniz) in a tone of high apprecia-
tion.97 Hell apparently had no reason to dissent. To further locate Crivelli and
his oeuvre, his Elementi di fisica (Elements of physics [1731; revised edition
1744]) should be mentioned, too: he closely follows Newton in all branches of
physics from optics to astronomy, and in the enunciation of phenomena from
colors through gravity to ebbs and tides, and speaks of Galileo as “the prince of
scientists.”98
The first edition of another anonymous work, titled Adjumentum memoriae
manuale chronologico-genealogico-historicum was also published by Hell in
1750. This “manual of chronology, genealogy, and history for the assistance of
memory” consisted of thematically arranged lists of important names and
events of sacred and profane history (biblical figures, popes, religious orders;
rulers of European states, major battles, and peace treaties) that went through
ten editions; the final (posthumous) revision was published in 1802.99 The
Adjumentum was a pedagogical exercise, and he had other ample opportuni-
ties to test and improve his skills in this regard in several other ways during his
Viennese years. Already as a student of philosophy, he was appointed mandu-
cator, a kind of supervisor of his peers; when he returned to the university for
the course in theology in 1748, he was at first bidellus concionum et tonorum,
that is, an assistant chairing test sermons and lectures, and then in his upper
years the prefect of the students of theology in the Collegium Pazmanianum
96 [Giovanni Francesco Crivelli], Elementa arithmeticae numericae et litteralis exposita a
Joanne Crivellio, c.r.s. Academiae Bononiensis Academico Honorario, et Regiae Societatis
Londinensis Socio: Editio tertia, prioribus correctior (Vienna: Kaliwoda, 1745), 10. Cf. Cri-
velli, Elementa arithmeticae numericae et litteralis exposita a Joanne Cribello (Venice: Laz-
zaroni, 1740), vii.
97 [Crivelli], Elementa arithmeticae (1740), xii; [Crivelli], Elementa arithmeticae (1745), 7.
98 As the text of Elementi di fisica, esposti dal p. d. Giovanni Crivelli: S’aggiungono dell’ istesso
autore due dissertazioni Sulle leggi del moto, e Dell’estimazione delle forze vive, ed I problemi
aritmetici di Diofanto Alessandrino analiticamente dimostrati (Venice: Baglioni, 1744) is
available in searchable form at https://babel.hathitrust.org (accessed April 12, 2019), it is
easy to identify a total of no fewer than forty references to Newton by name. The apprecia-
tion of Galileo (also earning twenty-nine mentions by name) is on p. 15.
99 Hell kept this work anonymous until he made a revision of it in 1773, published in Vienna
in the following year.
Maximilian Hell (1720–92)
And the Ends of Jesuit Science in Enlightenment Europe
- Titel
- Maximilian Hell (1720–92)
- Untertitel
- And the Ends of Jesuit Science in Enlightenment Europe
- Autoren
- Per Pippin Aspaas
- László Kontler
- Verlag
- Brill
- Ort
- Leiden
- Datum
- 2020
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-90-04-41683-3
- Abmessungen
- 15.5 x 24.1 cm
- Seiten
- 492
- Kategorien
- Naturwissenschaften Physik
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Acknowledgments VII
- List of Illustrations IX
- Bibliographic Abbreviations X
- Introduction 1
- 1 Shafts and Stars, Crafts and Sciences: The Making of a Jesuit Astronomer in the Habsburg Provinces 37
- 2 Metropolitan Lures: Enlightened and Jesuit Networks, and a New Node of Science 91
- 3 A New Node of Science in Action: The 1761 Transit of Venus and Hell’s Transition to Fame 134
- 4 The North Beckons: “A desperate voyage by desperate persons” 172
- 5 He Came, He Saw, He Conquered? The Expeditio litteraria ad Polum Arcticum 209
- 6 “Tahiti and Vardø will be the two columns […]”: Observing Venus andDebating the Parallax 258
- 7 Disruption of Old Structures 305
- 8 Coping with Enlightenments 344
- Appendix 1 Map of the Austrian Province of the Society of Jesus (with Glossary of Geographic Names) 394
- Appendix 2 Instruction for the Imperial and Royal Astronomer Maximilian Hell, S.J 398
- Bibliography 400
- Index 459