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THE FIRST WORLD WAR - and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914 – 1918
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The ‘Joint Supreme War Command’ 547 zka from the Operations Division the Army High Command, since he eschewed the gathering of ministers and prime ministers. But the Joint Council of Ministers (which, incidentally, did not manifest itself in the regular minutes, because it was perhaps not regarded as a formal gathering)1285 demanded concrete information, and when it was not supplied ‘the ministers protested at being treated like journalists. Tisza declared that he would resign tomorrow if he did not actually receive the concrete information that he demanded.’1286 When Conrad was informed of this, he acted as though he were aggrieved. As his reasons for not supplying information, he cited alongside secrecy the inadmissibility of the interference of state functionaries in the conduct of war. Now the prime ministers and Burián stuck to their guns. They recognised that Conrad’s position was shaken, that the Emperor and, at least indirectly, also Archduke Friedrich no longer unreservedly covered for the Chief of the General Staff and would ultimately also drop him. Now the situation was reappraised. On 7 July, the Emperor decreed that the Foreign Minister be ‘kept continuously informed of the condition of the Army and the replacements and reinforcements to be supplied to it’.1287 On 13 July, at the next session of the Joint Council of Ministers, the Army High Command was again represented by Colonel Slameczka. The minis- ters acknowledged with satisfaction the willingness of the Army High Command to increasingly request assistance from German troops. The use of Ottoman troops was admittedly met with some concern, but in order to stabilise the Carpathian front and to keep the Russians away from Hungary, the Turks were also acceptable. Scarcely was the Ministerial Council over when the Ballhausplatz (Austro-Hungarian Imperial Chan- cellery) began to appeal to Berlin regarding the Hindenburg front. And shortly after, once the front had become reality, the German Imperial Chancellor travelled to Vienna and noticed with satisfaction the badmouthing of the Army High Command. Burián, Tisza, Stürgkh and Montenuovo assured Bethmann-Hollweg that the expansion of Hindenburg’s area of command had brought with it a redemptive effect, and it was only regrettable that Hindenburg did not have the entire Eastern Front under him. Conrad’s misgivings were completely unfounded. As a result of his private circumstances, his private war with Italy, which the Emperor had only reluctantly agreed to and Archduke Eugen had urgently advised against, and his lack of personal contact to the front, Con- rad had forfeited all credit. This applied not just to Conrad, however, but to the whole ‘morass’ in Cieszyn.1288 All this was, at least in part, nonsense, but it sounded good. The next opportunity to strongly remind Vienna of its failures, mistakes and lack of willingness arose during the visit of the Prussian War Minister Wild von Hohenborn at the beginning of August. Wild claimed on this occasion to have really given War Minister Krobatin and the head of department in the War Ministry a piece of his mind : ‘The insights into the replacement conditions and the ammunition and equipment pro- duction were horrifying. Powder is the nervus rerum, and they produce at best 1/20
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THE FIRST WORLD WAR and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914 – 1918
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Title
THE FIRST WORLD WAR
Subtitle
and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914 – 1918
Author
Manfried Rauchensteiner
Publisher
Böhlau Verlag
Location
Wien
Date
2014
Language
English
License
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
ISBN
978-3-205-79588-9
Size
17.0 x 24.0 cm
Pages
1192
Categories
Geschichte Vor 1918

Table of contents

  1. 1 On the Eve 11
  2. 2 Two Million Men for the War 49
  3. 3 Bloody Sundays 81
  4. 4 Unleashing the War 117
  5. 5 ‘Thank God, this is the Great War!’ 157
  6. 6 Adjusting to a Longer War 197
  7. 7 The End of the Euphoria 239
  8. 8 The First Winter of the War 283
  9. 9 Under Surveillance 317
  10. 10 ‘The King of Italy has declared war on Me’ 355
  11. 11 The Third Front 383
  12. 12 Factory War and Domestic Front, 1915 413
  13. 13 Summer Battle and ‘Autumn Swine’ 441
  14. 14 War Aims and Central Europe 469
  15. 15 South Tyrol : The End of an Illusion (I) 497
  16. 16 Lutsk :The End of an Illusion (II) 521
  17. 17 How is a War Financed ? 555
  18. 18 The Nameless 583
  19. 19 The Death of the Old Emperor 607
  20. 20 Emperor Karl 641
  21. 21 The Writing on the Wall 657
  22. 22 The Consequences of the Russian February Revolution 691
  23. 23 Summer 1917 713
  24. 24 Kerensky Offensive and Peace Efforts 743
  25. 25 The Pyrrhic Victory : The Breakthrough Battle of Flitsch-Tolmein 769
  26. 26 Camps 803
  27. 27 Peace Feelers in the Shadow of Brest-Litovsk 845
  28. 28 The Inner Front 869
  29. 29 The June Battle in Veneto 895
  30. 30 An Empire Resigns 927
  31. 31 The Twilight Empire 955
  32. 32 The War becomes History 983
  33. Epilogue 1011
  34. Afterword 1013
  35. Acknowledgements and Dedication 1019
  36. Notes 1023
  37. Selected Printed Sources and Literature 1115
  38. Index of People and Places 1155
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