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Maximilian Hell (1720–92) - And the Ends of Jesuit Science in Enlightenment Europe
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133Enlightened and Jesuit Networks, and a New Node of Science from whomsoever, if only I had the chance. Meanwhile, I accept my des- tiny, and I resort to the same attitude as my predecessors, none of whom were so attached to the observatory in Graz as to prevent them from ei- ther seeking immediately to be freed from this burden, or at least con- gratulating themselves when they were freed from it. I would have loved to accept the name of a colleague that His Reverence [i.e., Hell] gave me so undeservedly, if my contributions had not rendered me totally unwor- thy of such an honor. Later in the same year, Mayr indeed left Graz to take up the chair of mathemat- ics in Linz, where he taught until 1760, before moving to Klagenfurt in 1760–61 and then Buda in 1761–62. He did not return to teach mathematics at any of the universities proper, and seems not to have pursued astronomy any further. The substance and the tone of his letter to Hell may to a certain extent be ascribed to the resentment and self-victimization of an embittered man, but it sheds light on the supreme need at the time for the kind of systematic and consistent promotion on behalf of astronomy pursued by the imperial and royal astrono- mer through publications, networking, training, and instrumentation. The first spectacular result of this activity was the part played and the attention re- ceived by Hell, his observatory, and its local context during the 1761 Venus tran- sit observations.
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Maximilian Hell (1720–92) And the Ends of Jesuit Science in Enlightenment Europe
Title
Maximilian Hell (1720–92)
Subtitle
And the Ends of Jesuit Science in Enlightenment Europe
Authors
Per Pippin Aspaas
László Kontler
Publisher
Brill
Location
Leiden
Date
2020
Language
English
License
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
ISBN
978-90-04-41683-3
Size
15.5 x 24.1 cm
Pages
492
Categories
Naturwissenschaften Physik

Table of contents

  1. Acknowledgments VII
  2. List of Illustrations IX
  3. Bibliographic Abbreviations X
  4. Introduction 1
    1. 1 Enlightenment(s) 7
    2. 2 Catholic Enlightenment—Enlightenment Catholicism 11
    3. 3 The Society of Jesus and Jesuit Science 17
    4. 4 What’s in a Life? 26
  5. 1 Shafts and Stars, Crafts and Sciences: The Making of a Jesuit Astronomer in the Habsburg Provinces 37
    1. 1 A Regional Life World 37
    2. 2 Turbulent Times and an Immigrant Family around the Mines 44
    3. 3 Apprenticeship 53
    4. 4 Professor on the Frontier 76
  6. 2 Metropolitan Lures: Enlightened and Jesuit Networks, and a New Node of Science 91
    1. 1 An Agenda for Astronomic Advance 91
    2. 2 Science in the City and in the World: Hell and the respublica astronomica 106
  7. 3 A New Node of Science in Action: The 1761 Transit of Venus and Hell’s Transition to Fame 134
    1. 1 A Golden Opportunity 134
    2. 2 An Imperial Astronomer’s Network Displayed 144
    3. 3 Lessons Learned 155
    4. 4 “Quonam autem fructu?” Taking Stock 166
  8. 4 The North Beckons: “A desperate voyage by desperate persons” 172
    1. 1 Scandinavian Self-Assertions 174
    2. 2 The Invitation from Copenhagen: Providence and Rhetoric 185
    3. 3 From Vienna to Vardø 195
  9. 5 He Came, He Saw, He Conquered? The Expeditio litteraria ad Polum Arcticum 209
    1. 1 A Journey Finished and Yet Unfinished 210
    2. 2 Enigmas of the Northern Sky and Earth 220
    3. 3 On Hungarians and Laplanders 230
    4. 4 Authority Crumbling 256
  10. 6 “Tahiti and Vardø will be the two columns […]”: Observing Venus andDebating the Parallax 258
    1. 1 Mission Accomplished 260
    2. 2 Accomplishment Contested 269
    3. 3 A Peculiar Nachleben 298
  11. 7 Disruption of Old Structures 305
    1. 1 Habsburg Centralization and the De-centering of Hell 306
    2. 2 Critical Publics: Vienna, Hungary 315
    3. 3 Ex-Jesuit Astronomy: Institutions and Trajectories 330
  12. 8 Coping with Enlightenments 344
    1. 1 Viennese Struggles 344
    2. 2 Redefining the Center 366
    3. Conclusion: Borders and Crossings 388
  13. Appendix 1 Map of the Austrian Province of the Society of Jesus (with Glossary of Geographic Names) 394
  14. Appendix 2 Instruction for the Imperial and Royal Astronomer Maximilian Hell, S.J 398
  15. Bibliography 400
  16. Index 459
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