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2.3QuantumChemistry
of the kinetic energy canmakeDFT basedmethods very slow. Therefore, in the
following section an approximative DFT method is introduced, which is able to
describe systemsof relevant sizesonaquantummechanical levelmore efficiently.
2.3.2 ApproximativeDFT–Density-FunctionalTight-Binding
Nowadays, DFT iswidely used for the calculation of properties ofmolecular sys-
temsofup tohundredsof atoms. OnedisadvantageofDFT is the largeamountof
computational time needed for the evaluation of integrals during runtime. Espe-
ciallywhen calculating electronic structures alongMD trajectories, DFT becomes
too expensive in computational cost. To avoid this issue, there are many semi-
empiricalapproaches,whichachievehighercomputationalefficiencybyneglecting
contributions deemed insignificant or parameterizing integrals in advance. One
way toachieve this ispresented in the following [65].
Density-functional tight-binding (DFTB) is based on aminimal basis set, thus de-
scribingonlythevalenceelectronsofatoms,while the innerelectronsare treatedby
two-center potentials. Thereby, crystal-field and three-center terms are neglected.
The two-center Hamiltonian and overlap matrix elements are tabulated for dis-
tances of up to a reasonable threshold. Thisway, none of the integrals have to be
computed at runtime. Rather, they are interpolated for the current distance be-
tween the atoms. Finally, the DFT double-counting terms are included into the
repulsive energy term. This term is pre-calculated and tabulated aswell. In the
parametrization, thevalues for the repulsive energyare calculated fromthediffer-
enceof theenergycalculatedwithDFTandthetight-bindingelectronicatomization
energy for chosen representativemolecules. With these parametrizationsDFTB is
up to3ordersofmagnitude faster thanDFT.
The startingpoint forDFTB is to construct a referencedensity ρ0 froma superpo-
sitionofdensities calculatedon isolatedatoms.
ρ0=∑
α ρα (2.19)
21
Charge Transport in DNA
Insights from Simulations
- Title
- Charge Transport in DNA
- Subtitle
- Insights from Simulations
- Author
- Mario Wolter
- Publisher
- KIT Scientific Publishing
- Date
- 2013
- Language
- English
- License
- CC BY-SA 3.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-7315-0082-7
- Size
- 17.0 x 24.0 cm
- Pages
- 156
- Keywords
- Charge Transport, Charge Transfer, DNA, Molecular Dynamics, Quantum Mechanics
- Categories
- Naturwissenschaften Chemie
Table of contents
- Zusammenfassung 1
- Summary 3
- 1 Introduction 5
- 2 TheoreticalBackground 11
- 3 SimulationSetup 39
- 4 DNAUnderExperimentalConditions 49
- 5 ChargeTransport inStretchedDNA 69
- 6 ChargeTransport inMicrohydratedDNA 79
- 7 AParametrizedModel toSimulateCT inDNA 89
- 8 Conclusion 105
- Appendix 111
- A DNAUnderExperimentalConditions 111
- B CTinMicrohydratedDNA 117
- List ofPublications 137