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Cyborg Mind - What Brain–Computer and Mind–Cyberspace Interfaces Mean for Cyberneuroethics
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234 • Cyborg Mind to affect an individual’s sense of making his or her decisions. Consequently, developments in understanding the human mind and how it can be con- trolled should constantly be monitored.21 Similarly, with new applications of direct neuronal interfaces, it is impor- tant to consider the concepts of responsibility and sense of realism in terms of what can be achieved. Of course, this is already true in the realm of clinical applications, but should also be present in the military and gaming indus- tries, since the risks may be considerable yet remain largely unknown.22 This is one of the reasons why a continued engagement in cyberneuroethics is crucial. Resistance to Such a Development The possibility that some resistance in society may develop in relation to a continued evolution towards full-blown enhancement technologies and going beyond what is presently seen as normal in humanity should also not be underestimated. Thus, criticism may arise, expressing apprehension that becoming more than human undermines the very concept of humanity, with unforeseen consequences.23 Similarly, concern may exist that humanity could eventually be affected by a sense of pride, or hubris, by what it can do, with- out examining all the possible risks and consequences. On the other hand, a more positive approach may be considered if Enlightenment ideas are accepted, suggesting that the human mind is a direct consequence of the brain and that any concept of humanity should be seen as existing in a constant state of flux. If human beings then decide to go beyond the present notion of humanity, this could be seen as something that should be welcomed as progress and a natural development.24 As Diderot indicated, one of the central themes of this debate is whether the human mind is unique to humanity and whether the concept of ‘being human’ has any moral relevance.25 Risks of Neuronal Interfaces Of course, examining the proportionality between the risks and advantages of neuronal interfaces, and their applications in creating connections between the human mind and cyberspace, may seem slightly premature. Indeed, it is only recently that such interfaces have been applied to human beings and it is still difficult to appraise all the possible risks and side-effects of the new tech- nologies against their perceived advantages. This means that many legitimate questions remain. This open access edition has been made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license thanks to the support of Knowledge Unlatched. Not for resale.
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Cyborg Mind What Brain–Computer and Mind–Cyberspace Interfaces Mean for Cyberneuroethics
Titel
Cyborg Mind
Untertitel
What Brain–Computer and Mind–Cyberspace Interfaces Mean for Cyberneuroethics
Autor
Calum MacKellar
Verlag
Berghahn Books
Datum
2019
Sprache
englisch
Lizenz
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
ISBN
978-1-78920-015-7
Abmessungen
15.2 x 22.9 cm
Seiten
264
Schlagwörter
Singularity, Transhumanism, Body modification, Bioethics
Kategorie
Technik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  1. Chapter 1. Why Use the Term ‘Cyberneuroethics’? 9
    1. The ‘Cyber’ Prefix 9
    2. The ‘Neuro’ Prefix 15
    3. Ethics 16
    4. Neuroethics 17
    5. Cyberneuroethics 18
    6. The Terminology Being Used 19
  2. Chapter 2. Popular Understanding of Neuronal Interfaces 25
    1. Public Understanding in the Media 27
  3. Chapter 3. Presentation of the Brain–Mind Interface 31
    1. The Central Nervous System 31
    2. The Mind 37
    3. The Brain–Mind Interface 38
  4. Chapter 4. Neuronal Interface Systems 43
    1. Developments in Information Technology 44
    2. Developments in Understanding the Brain 45
    3. Developments in Neuronal Interfaces 46
    4. Procedures Involved in Neuronal Interfaces 47
    5. Output Neuronal Interface Systems: Reading the Brain and Mind 49
    6. Input Neuronal Interface Systems: Changing the Brain and Mind 57
    7. Feedback Systems of the Brain and Mind 67
    8. Ethical Issues Relating to the Technology of Neuronal Interfaces 84
  5. Chapter 5. Cyberneuroethics 99
    1. General Ethical Considerations Relating to Neuronal Interfaces 101
    2. Online Humans 106
    3. Changing Cognition 113
    4. Changing Consciousness 131
    5. Escaping Reality 135
    6. Changing Mood 140
    7. Changing Personality 142
    8. Changing Identity 144
    9. The Concept of Humanity 154
    10. Uploading a Mind 167
    11. Issues of Privacy 184
  6. Chapter 6. Neuronal Interfaces and Policy 217
    1. New Cybercrimes 218
    2. Policy Concerns 223
    3. Conclusion 229
    4. Human Autonomy 232
    5. Resistance to Such a Development 234
    6. Risks of Neuronal Interfaces 234
    7. Appendix. Scottish Council on Human Bioethics Recommendations on
    8. Cyberneuroethics 239
    9. Glossary 244
    10. Index 251
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