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Cyborg Mind - What Brain–Computer and Mind–Cyberspace Interfaces Mean for Cyberneuroethics
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168 • Cyborg Mind Caster, a researcher in the field of artificial intelligence whose work focuses on creating a sentient machine that combines both the collective intelligence of everything ever known alongside the full range of human emotions. Not surprisingly, such work brings him much applause but also criticism from anti-technology extremists, who eventually attempt to kill him. However, this only makes Caster more determined to succeed in uploading and tran- scending himself into a computer. As his thirst for knowledge develops into a seemingly omnipresent quest for power, the key question in the minds of his fellow researchers is not whether omnipresence can be achieved, but whether it should even be attempted. The film is interesting because at the very heart of the posthumanist phi- losophy is a vision of a future in which human (or transhuman) beings will be able to copy human minds into a new setting and transcend human biol- ogy. As already indicated, it was Kurzweil’s critically acclaimed 2005 book The Singularity is Near that presented a detailed scientific explanation for how this may one day be achieved. He suggested that such a move would involve re-instantiating the mind’s state in a different, much more powerful compu- tational substrate. Kurzweil then perceives that human beings ‘will continue to have human bodies, but they will become morphable projections of our intelligence’.305 He goes on to explain: Combining human-level pattern recognition with the inherent speed and accuracy of computers will result in very powerful abilities. But this is not an alien invasion of intelligent machines . . . we are creating these tools to make ourselves smarter. I believe that most observers will agree with me that this is what is unique about the human species: We build these tools to extend our own reach.306 As a result, it is suggested that the severe limitations of being human will be superseded and overcome. Rather than just existing in the physical dimen- sion, these ‘software-based humans’ will be able to leave human bodies behind and live out their lives or even attain immortality in virtual reality by having the potential to project their existence whenever and wherever this becomes necessary.307 In a way, such an understanding of the self is similar to the one developed by John Locke, who wrote that the ‘self is not determined by Identity or Diversity of Substance, which it cannot be sure of, but only by Identity of consciousness’.308 For Kurzweil, attaining the goal of uploading human minds into human- made machines is a significant milestone in reaching a posthuman future. Whilst the finite, limiting body will die, the software of a person’s life, his or her personal ‘mind file’, will continue to survive in silicon format, while holographic avatars could interact with other bodiless posthuman entities.309 This open access edition has been made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license thanks to the support of Knowledge Unlatched. Not for resale.
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Cyborg Mind What Brain–Computer and Mind–Cyberspace Interfaces Mean for Cyberneuroethics
Titel
Cyborg Mind
Untertitel
What Brain–Computer and Mind–Cyberspace Interfaces Mean for Cyberneuroethics
Autor
Calum MacKellar
Verlag
Berghahn Books
Datum
2019
Sprache
englisch
Lizenz
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
ISBN
978-1-78920-015-7
Abmessungen
15.2 x 22.9 cm
Seiten
264
Schlagwörter
Singularity, Transhumanism, Body modification, Bioethics
Kategorie
Technik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  1. Chapter 1. Why Use the Term ‘Cyberneuroethics’? 9
    1. The ‘Cyber’ Prefix 9
    2. The ‘Neuro’ Prefix 15
    3. Ethics 16
    4. Neuroethics 17
    5. Cyberneuroethics 18
    6. The Terminology Being Used 19
  2. Chapter 2. Popular Understanding of Neuronal Interfaces 25
    1. Public Understanding in the Media 27
  3. Chapter 3. Presentation of the Brain–Mind Interface 31
    1. The Central Nervous System 31
    2. The Mind 37
    3. The Brain–Mind Interface 38
  4. Chapter 4. Neuronal Interface Systems 43
    1. Developments in Information Technology 44
    2. Developments in Understanding the Brain 45
    3. Developments in Neuronal Interfaces 46
    4. Procedures Involved in Neuronal Interfaces 47
    5. Output Neuronal Interface Systems: Reading the Brain and Mind 49
    6. Input Neuronal Interface Systems: Changing the Brain and Mind 57
    7. Feedback Systems of the Brain and Mind 67
    8. Ethical Issues Relating to the Technology of Neuronal Interfaces 84
  5. Chapter 5. Cyberneuroethics 99
    1. General Ethical Considerations Relating to Neuronal Interfaces 101
    2. Online Humans 106
    3. Changing Cognition 113
    4. Changing Consciousness 131
    5. Escaping Reality 135
    6. Changing Mood 140
    7. Changing Personality 142
    8. Changing Identity 144
    9. The Concept of Humanity 154
    10. Uploading a Mind 167
    11. Issues of Privacy 184
  6. Chapter 6. Neuronal Interfaces and Policy 217
    1. New Cybercrimes 218
    2. Policy Concerns 223
    3. Conclusion 229
    4. Human Autonomy 232
    5. Resistance to Such a Development 234
    6. Risks of Neuronal Interfaces 234
    7. Appendix. Scottish Council on Human Bioethics Recommendations on
    8. Cyberneuroethics 239
    9. Glossary 244
    10. Index 251
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