Seite - 540 - in Zwischen geistiger Erneuerung und Restauration - US-amerikanische Planungen zur Entnazifizierung und demokratischen Reorientierung und die Nachkriegsrealität österreichischer Wissenschaft 1941-1955

5. US-Reorientierungs-Planungen im Frühen Kalten Krieg 540 tätsbezug nicht abgesprochen werden kann  – führt der 1950 publizierte Bericht Andersons weiter aus : “The government controls the purchase of foreign works so rigidly that , at least in the humani- ties , the Austrians complain of being more isolated than at the close of the war. [ … ] A profes- sor at one of the universities is teaching contemporary philosophy with almost no material on British and American thought of the past hundred years. The examples of isolation could be multiplied , and as long as the government remains so parsimonious in making funds available to libraries , Austrian scholarship will be dependent , for its foreign publications , upon gifts and exchanges. [ … ] Government officials in Austria seem to have forgotten that they once learned some- thing from a book , that publications , both domestic and foreign , are essential to intellectual activity , that our civilization is built on knowledge , and that the intellectual starvation and isolation of the universities will ruin the future of their people.”2290 [ Hervorhebung d. Verf. ] Besonders problematisch bewertete Anderson in seinem Report an die ACLS  – dies mit durchaus selbstkritischem Blick auf die Rolle und die Aktivitäten der amerikanischen Be- satzungmacht  –, dass in der bisherigen Zeitspanne seit Kriegsende , trotz prinzipiell vorhan- dener politischer Freiheiten , die Möglichkeit zu einer grundlegenden Reform des Univer- sitätssystems vollständig verabsäumt wurde und sich anstelle dessen sowohl im Bereich der Ministerial bürokratie als auch an den Universitäten eine vormoderne , restaurative Geistes- haltung konservieren konnte ,2291 der eine potenzielle Mitverantwortung oder gar Mitschuld am Nationalsozialismus nicht einmal ansatz weise in den Blick kam , zu groß waren die Ab- wehr- und Verdrängungs mechanismen : „The split between idea and practice was unwittingly revealed in many conversations concerning the personal behavior of the people under Nazism. [ … ] One rarely found an individual who understood the ethical dilemma which he had brought upon himself. Usually the intellectual seemed to be unwilling to admit his own share in helping the Nazis whose ultimate world victory he would have deplored.“2292 2290 Ebd., 84 f. 2291 „In contrast to Germany , up to the present time ( summer 1949 ) Austria has had a central government , which could be expected to assist in the revival of intellectual activity , to stir the personnel to action , to provide essential funds and to see that they are well spent. That the government has done very little in this respect cannot be attributed to penury alone [ … ] As a liberated nation , Austria under effective lea- dership could have decided on the most useful way to employ its limited funds ; it had officials in a posi- tion of sufficient freedom to take the initiative in working out policies for the reform of higher education and for persuading and enabling the intellectuals in the universities to consider their function in Austria and Western society. [ … ] The future of Austrian cultural life , particularly in the humanities , threatens to be the victim of a policy based upon thinking of the years prior to the airplane , the rocket , and the atomic bomb. In addition , each of the three resident western powers has kept the Austrian in its zone relatively isolated from the culture of the other two powers. [ … ] Cooperation in cultural affairs among the three porwers is a markedly absent in Austria as in Germany.“ [ Hervorhebung d. Verf. ]. Ebd., 86 f. 2292 Ebd., 97 f.